中 文 摘  要

法律效力是一项法律制度的生命，我国弊端重重的企业登记立法对企业登记效力涉及甚少，以致在司法实践中纠纷频现。对企业登记效力的漠视，是现行立法的一大致命疏漏，再兼学界相关论述缺乏系统深入，对企业登记效力进行专题研究，颇具现实意义。本文综合运用了法律的实证分析、比较分析、价值分析及规范分析等研究方法，以企业登记概念的重新界定和性质探讨为基础，以企业登记效力内容的逐一分析为中心，对企业登记的效力进行了较为深入的研究。全文分为六个部分，共计四万五千余字。

引言部分，对我国企业登记效力立法和学界研究现状作了简述，显现了对企业登记效力研究的理论价值和现实意义。

第一章，主要对企业登记效力研究的两个基础问题进行了分析。首先对企业登记和企业登记效力的概念进行了重新界定，其次对企业登记的性质进行了解读：根据登记种类的不同，企业登记在性质上亦有行政许可行为和行政确认行为之分。

第二章，主要对企业登记创设力的产生、内容和生效时间进行了探讨。认为：强制登记主义的立法选择决定了企业登记创设力的产生；我国长期奉行的统一主义立法模式衍生了种种弊端，故实行证照的完全分离，将创设力的内容——企业主体资格和一般经营资格在表征形式予以区分更为科学；创设力的生效时间当以登记注册证的签发为准。

第三章，围绕企业登记对抗力的涵义、表现形式及产生的必要性和必然性进行了分析。企业登记制度存在的合理性、登记主体权利义务平衡性及商事交易中效益和营利的价值追求构成了企业登记效力之二——对抗力产生的必要性和必然性；对抗力即企业登记事项一经登记公告，即推定社会公众知悉，企业因此而获得免责效力；我国相关立法对对抗力虽有提及，但相当简陋，应进一步明确、细化。

第四章，对企业登记公信力的产生的理论根基、涵义及相关配套制度进行了论述。主张：外观主义保护交易安全的需求、行政行为公定力理论及行政信赖保护原则是企业登记公信力效力得以承认的基础；企业登记事项一经登记，即推定合法、准确、有效，善意第三人根据其所为的行为，应当有效，即使该登记存在瑕疵；文章最后对与公信力相关的两个问题即登记机关审查制度和登记不实时的责任承担进行了探讨。

关键词： 企业登记   创设力   对抗力   公信力

Abstract

The validity is always viewed as the life of law system. Our domestic legislation fails to lay enough emphasis on the validity of corporation registration, and this has resulted in many problems. The ignorance of the validity of corporation registration and the lack of related researches make it meaningful to do such a deep research on this topic. With a comprehensive application of such research methods as positive analysis on law, comparative analysis on law, value analysis on law and rules analysis on law, etc., it has made a comparatively deep and systematic study on the validity of corporation registration by basing on the definition and character of corporation registration, and concentrating on the contents of the validity of corporation  registration. The essay has six parts with over 45,ooo words in total .

In the Preface, it represents the actuality of legislation and researches on the validity of corporation registration briefly, as well as presents the value and meaning of the research on validity of corporation registration.

In the first Chapter, it mainly discusses two basic problems related to the validity of corporation registration. Firstly, the paper gives new definitions to corporation registration and the validity of corporation registration. Secondly, it makes discussions on the character of corporation registration. Because of the differences of categories and contents of corporation registration, the character of corporation registration can be described as administrative confirmation or administrative permission.

In the second Chapter, it mainly discusses the creating validity of corporation registration. It considers that the creating validity is produced by the application of compulsive registration. Cosidering that many malpractices have derived from the unified legislation, it’s essential to distinguish the body qualification and managing qualification in appearance completely. As soon as registration is completed, the creating validity comes into being.

In the third Chapter, it mainly studies the resisting validity of corporation registration, including its meaning，its representation and its inevitability. The inevitability of resisting validity bases on the rationality of the corporation registration existence, the need of balance between the rights and obligations of registration applicants and besides, the pursuit of efficiency and profit. The resisting validity means that once the contents of registration have registered, the public will be regarded as informed. The related legislation in our country is so simple that it is essential to be modified.

In the fourth Chapter, it mainly studies the public confidence validity of corporation registration, including its theory groundwork, its meaning and correlated systems. It claims that, the principle of appearance, whose aim is to protect the security of transaction, the theory of public stability validity of administrative action and the principle of protecting administrative confidence can interpret why public confidence validity is admitted by many countries’ legislation. The meaning of public confidence validity can be interpreted in this way: once the contents of registration have registered, they will be considered legitimate, exact and valid. The person’s dealings should be protected if he makes his decision according to the registration .Lastly , the paper makes a study on such issues as censor system and liability assumption.

Key Words：corporation registration    creating validity

 resisting validity          public confidence validity

目  录

中文摘要

英文摘要

引    言. 1

第一章  企业登记效力研究的两个基础问题. 3

第一节  企业登记及企业登记效力概述. 3

一、企业登记的概念界定. 3

二、企业登记效力的概念界定. 4

第二节 企业登记的性质. 8

一、关于企业登记性质的论争及评介. 8

二、企业登记的性质：行政确认行为抑或行政许可行为. 10

第二章  创设力:企业登记效力之一. 13

第一节  强制登记主义的立法选择与创设力的产生. 13

第二节  创设力的内容分析:企业主体资格抑或经营资格. 15

第三节  创设力的产生时间:登记注册抑或公告. 17

第三章  对抗力：企业登记效力之二. 21

第一节  对抗力的引出：从股权转让说起. 21

第二节  企业登记对抗力的涵义及具体表现. 22

一、企业登记对抗力释义及具体表现. 22

二、关于我国对抗力立法的简要评析. 25

第三节   对抗力产生的必要性和必然性分析. 25

一、对抗力的产生是企业登记制度存在的必然要求. 26

二、对抗力的产生是登记主体权利义务平衡的必然要求. 26

三、对抗力的产生是商法中效益和营利价值追求的要求和体现. 26

第四章  公信力：企业登记效力之三. 28

第一节  问题的提出：从隐名股东的法律性质和地位谈起. 28

一、案情简介. 28

二、企业登记与隐名股东资格认定之关系：公信力的引出. 29

第二节  企业登记公信力涵义阐释及表现形式. 31

一、企业登记公信力的涵义. 31

二、企业登记公信力的表现形式. 32

第三节  公信力承认之基础分析. 33

一、以外观主义保护交易安全：承认公信力的基础之一. 33

二、行政行为公定力理论和行政信赖保护原则：承认公信力的基础之二. 35

第四节  相关的两个问题. 36

一、形式审查、实质审查与公信力. 36

二、登记不实时的责任承担. 39

结  论. 42

参 考 文 献. 43

后        记. 49